Mammalian phospholipase D physiological and pathological roles

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Cellular Signaling
• Genetics and Genomics

Background:

• Phospholipase D (PLD) is a superfamily of signaling enzymes generating phosphatidic acid.
• Historically, PLD research relied on cellular models, limiting understanding of in vivo functions.
• Mammalian PLD superfamily members are conserved across species, indicating fundamental biological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent findings on Phospholipase D functions.
• To highlight the roles of PLD in various physiological and pathophysiological processes.
• To emphasize insights gained from genetic model systems.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on Phospholipase D.
• Analysis of findings from genetic models in mammals.
• Synthesis of information on PLD's involvement in diverse biological contexts.

Main Results:

• PLD superfamily members play significant roles in cellular signaling.
• Genetic models have elucidated novel physiological and pathophysiological functions of PLD.
• Emerging evidence links PLD to cancer, neuronal disorders, cardiovascular disease, and infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

• Genetic models are crucial for understanding mammalian PLD superfamily functions.
• PLD superfamily has broad implications in human health and disease.
• Further research into PLD is warranted for therapeutic development.