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Related Concept Videos

Altered States of Awareness01:06

Altered States of Awareness

Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Seizures l: Introduction01:20

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Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

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Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures ll: Types01:19

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

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Published on: August 5, 2014

The default mode network and altered consciousness in epilepsy.

Nathan B Danielson1, Jennifer N Guo, Hal Blumenfeld

  • 1Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8018, USA.

Behavioural Neurology
|March 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Decreased activity in the default mode network (DMN) is observed in seizures causing loss of consciousness. This suggests active inhibition of arousal systems underlies impaired DMN function during epilepsy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epileptology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • The default mode network (DMN) is active during rest and involved in introspection.
  • DMN activity decreases during tasks and is impaired during seizures causing loss of consciousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review seizure types and explore mechanisms of DMN dysfunction.
  • To propose a network inhibition hypothesis for seizure-induced DMN deactivation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies on DMN activity during seizures.
  • Analysis of DMN changes across complex partial, generalized tonic-clonic, and absence seizures.

Main Results:

  • Consistent decreased DMN activity observed across different seizure types.
  • Loss of consciousness in seizures is linked to active inhibition of subcortical arousal systems.

Conclusions:

  • Seizure-induced DMN deactivation may result from active inhibition of arousal systems.
  • A network inhibition hypothesis explains cortical deactivation via arousal system inhibition during seizures.