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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
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The grandmother effect.

Peter J Lachmann1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. pjl1000@cam.ac.uk

Gerontology
|March 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Anthropology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Women exhibit exceptionally long post-menopausal lifespans.
  • Explanations include increased longevity or evolved adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the evolutionary basis of extended post-menopausal lifespan in women.
  • To differentiate between genetic and cultural evolutionary mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing theories on post-menopausal longevity.
  • Analysis of proposed 'mother effect' and 'grandmother effect' hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • The evolved adaptation explanation for post-menopausal longevity is more plausible.
  • Evidence suggests 'mother' and 'grandmother' effects are primarily culturally, not genetically, driven.

Conclusions:

  • Extended post-menopausal lifespan in women is likely an evolved adaptation.
  • Cultural evolution, rather than genetic evolution, appears to be the primary driver of these effects.