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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
13:35

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction

Published on: May 17, 2024

Extended indications for nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Markus Niemeyer1, Stefan Paepke, Rainer Schmid

  • 1Department of Gynecology, Technische Universität München, Klinikumrechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Munich, Germany. markus.niemeyer@gmx.net

The Breast Journal
|April 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers a breast-conserving surgical option, potentially expanding indications beyond small tumors and prophylactic cases. This approach preserves the nipple-areola complex (NAC) and breast skin, enhancing oncological safety and patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Breast Cancer Treatment
  • Oncoplastic Surgery

Background:

  • Traditional ablative breast cancer surgery often involves routine excision of the nipple-areola complex (NAC).
  • Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) preserves the breast skin and NAC while removing breast tissue, potentially improving cosmetic outcomes.
  • Current consensus suggests NSM is oncologically safe for specific patient groups, including those with small, peripheral tumors or undergoing prophylactic mastectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) indications.
  • To evaluate the oncological safety and feasibility of NSM for a broader range of breast cancer patients.
  • To determine if NSM indications can be expanded beyond established criteria.

Main Methods:

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  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted using MEDLINE.
  • Search parameters focused on studies published between 2003 and 2009.
  • The review analyzed data regarding the oncological outcomes and feasibility of NSM in various breast cancer scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests NSM may be feasible for patients with large, centrally located tumors.
  • Studies indicate NSM can be safely performed in cases of multicentric invasive carcinoma.
  • The review challenges the limitation of NSM solely to small peripheral tumors or prophylactic procedures.

Conclusions:

  • The indications for nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) may not need to be restricted to small peripheral tumors or prophylactic treatments.
  • Further long-term data are required to establish universally applicable guidelines for NSM.
  • NSM represents a potentially viable and oncologically safe option for a wider spectrum of breast cancer patients.