Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
11:32
Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
Published on: January 3, 2025
Selected acute phase CSF factors in ischemic stroke: findings and prognostic value
Maia Beridze1, Tamar Sanikidze, Roman Shakarishvili
1Department of Neuromedicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia. postdoc2002@yahoo.com
BMC Neurology
|April 1, 2011
Summary
Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 and nitrates are reliable prognostic factors for acute ischemic stroke severity and one-month outcomes. These biomarkers help predict stroke prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biochemistry
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Investigating the pathogenic role and prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) acute phase factors.
- Assessing biomarkers that reflect the severity of ischemic brain damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prognostic value of selected CSF acute phase factors in acute ischemic stroke.
- To correlate CSF biomarker levels with stroke severity and functional outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Studied 95 acute ischemic stroke patients, assessing stroke severity with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and one-month outcomes with the Barthel Index.
- Analyzed CSF levels of cytokines (using ELISA), nitric oxide, and lipoperoxide radical (using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance), and nitrates (using Griess reagent) at 6 hours post-stroke.
- Utilized conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to visualize ischemic regions at 24 hours.
Main Results:
- Elevated CSF cytokine levels, nitric oxide, and lipoperoxide radical were observed in stroke patients compared to controls.
- Severe stroke patients showed higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and lipoperoxide radical signals than less severe cases.
- Initial CSF IL-6 and nitrate levels correlated positively with lesion size and NIHSS scores, and were significant predictors of one-month functional outcome.
Conclusions:
- CSF interleukin-6 and nitrate levels are identified as reliable prognostic factors in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.
- These biomarkers can aid in predicting stroke severity and long-term functional recovery.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
01:15Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...