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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

Published on: January 17, 2018

Rheumatoid factor measurement--continuing problems 70 years after discovery.

Rohan Ameratunga¹, Samarina Musaad, Claudia Sugrue

¹LabPlus, Auckland Hospital, Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. rohana@adhb.govt.nz

Clinical Rheumatology

|April 2, 2011

Summary

Differences in rheumatoid factor (RF) testing between two common instruments were found. The Roche immunoturbidimeter showed higher sensitivity and closer correlation with the WHO standard, indicating a need for better standardization in RF measurement.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

Published on: January 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Clinical chemistry
Immunology
Laboratory medicine

Background:

External quality assurance programs have highlighted discrepancies in rheumatoid factor (RF) assay results.
Variability in RF measurements can impact patient diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare rheumatoid factor (RF) results obtained from two widely used commercial immunoassay instruments.
To assess the agreement between a Beckman Immage immunonephelometer and a Roche Modular immunoturbidimeter using a World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard.

Main Methods:

Serum samples were exchanged between laboratories utilizing different automated immunoassay platforms.
Results were compared against the World Health Organization (WHO) RF reference preparation (W1066).

Main Results:

The Roche Modular immunoturbidimeter demonstrated superior sensitivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) detection compared to the Beckman Immage.
Significant analytical bias was observed between the two instruments, particularly at higher RF concentrations.
Results from the Roche instrument showed closer correlation with the WHO RF reference standard.

Conclusions:

Current standardization of rheumatoid factor (RF) measurement is suboptimal between commonly used commercial instruments.
The observed discrepancies between the Beckman and Roche platforms may have clinical implications for patient care and treatment decisions.