Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...

Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Management of acute knee dislocations: anatomic repair and ligament bracing as a new treatment option-results of a multicentre study.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA·2019

Same author

[Clinical results following conservative and surgical treatment of osteoporotic distal radius fractures in the elderly : Overview of best available evidence].

Der Unfallchirurg·2016

Same author

[Distal radius fractures - Evidence is Shlevidence].

Der Unfallchirurg·2016

Same author

[Evidence-based trauma and orthopedic surgery : 20 years after Sackett].

Der Unfallchirurg·2016

Same author

[Current prevention and treatment strategies for osteoporosis. Fracture-oriented, effective, low side effects and inexpensive].

Der Internist·2015

Same author

[The isolated subscapularis tendon tear: arthroscopic and open repair].

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie·2012

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

[Secondary osteoporosis: pathogenesis, types, diagnostics and therapy].

C Bartl¹, R Bartl

¹Zentrum für Chirurgie, Klinik für Unfall-, Hand-, Plastische und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland.

|April 2, 2011

Summary

Secondary osteoporosis diagnosis is rising due to better understanding of causes. Early detection and treatment of underlying conditions improve bone health and reduce fracture risk.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Bone Metabolism
Gerontology

Context:

Osteoporosis diagnosis is increasing due to advanced research into pathogenic factors.
Secondary osteoporosis requires careful investigation, especially in specific demographics like adolescents, premenopausal women, men, and postmenopausal women with rapid bone loss.

Purpose:

To highlight the growing incidence of secondary osteoporosis and the importance of identifying underlying causes.
To emphasize the benefits of early detection and targeted therapies for improving bone structure and reducing fracture risk.

Summary:

The diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis is becoming more frequent with increased knowledge of its causes and detailed investigations.
A systematic search for the underlying disease or bone-damaging medication is crucial, particularly in at-risk populations.
Early identification of the causative factors in preclinical osteoporosis stages, combined with current therapies, can normalize bone density and mitigate fracture risk.
Diagnostic approaches integrate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), advanced radiological imaging, and clinical, laboratory, and bioptic data.

Impact:

Enables timely intervention for secondary osteoporosis, potentially preventing irreversible bone damage.
Facilitates targeted treatment of the root cause, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare burden.
Advances the understanding and management of osteoporosis, contributing to better bone health strategies.