Measuring gain and noise in active long-range surface plasmon-polariton waveguides

We describe techniques and an experimental setup to measure the gain and noise characteristics of a long-range surface plasmon-polariton amplifier consisting of a symmetric metallic stripe waveguide incorporating optically pumped dye molecules in the solution as the gain medium. The setup is capable of acquiring absolute power measurements at the amplifier's output over a narrow optical bandwidth. This allows independent characterization of the amplifier's gain via measurements of stimulated emission and via measurements of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) over a narrow optical bandwidth, both obtained during the same experimental run. In addition, the absolute power measurements of ASE quantify directly the amplifier's noise.