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Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
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Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

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Related Experiment Video

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Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
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The FaceBase Consortium: a comprehensive program to facilitate craniofacial research.

Harry Hochheiser1, Bruce J Aronow, Kristin Artinger

  • 1Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.

Developmental Biology
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The FaceBase Consortium provides craniofacial research data and bioinformatics tools. This initiative aims to advance the understanding of facial development through comprehensive datasets and community collaboration.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial research
  • Bioinformatics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The FaceBase Consortium is funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR).
  • It focuses on studying the development of the middle region of the face.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate and provide craniofacial research data and technology.
  • To establish a central data management and bioinformatics hub for the research community.
  • To foster collaboration within the craniofacial research community.

Main Methods:

  • Generating comprehensive datasets of gene expression, regulatory elements, and sequencing.
  • Creating anatomical and molecular atlases.
  • Providing human normative facial data and phenotypes.
  • Conducting follow-up studies on genome-wide association studies.
  • Generating data on craniofacial development genetics.
  • Building repositories of animal models, human samples, and data.
  • Developing software tools and animal models for data analysis and integration.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive datasets of gene expression patterns, regulatory elements, and sequencing.
  • Anatomical and molecular atlases.
  • Human normative facial data and phenotypes.
  • Follow-up study data from a completed genome-wide association study.
  • Independent data on craniofacial development genetics.
  • Repositories of animal models and human samples/data.
  • Software tools and animal models for data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The FaceBase Consortium provides a valuable resource for craniofacial research.
  • The initiative promotes data sharing, analysis, and collaboration.
  • The FaceBase website serves as a central hub for accessing data and tools.