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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

[Infratentorial ischemic stroke in children: Three case reports].

M Ouattara-Doumbia1, A-G Le Moing2, E Bourel-Ponchel1

  • 1Service de neuropédiatrie, CHU Amiens-Nord, place Victor-Pauchet, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infratentorial strokes are rare in children, often presenting with ataxia. Vertebral artery dissection is a key cause, necessitating prompt diagnosis for better outcomes.

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Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
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Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats
07:56

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Neonatal Stroke in P10 Rats

Published on: April 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke in children is uncommon, with supratentorial infarcts more frequent than infratentorial ones.
  • Infratentorial strokes present with specific symptoms like ataxia and cranial nerve palsy.
  • While vertebral artery dissection is a common cause in the vertebrobasilar territory, its etiology in children often remains unidentified.

Observation:

  • Three pediatric cases of infratentorial stroke are presented.
  • Case 1: A 4-year-old boy with ataxia and motor deficit after trauma, showing a pontine stroke on MRI.
  • Case 2: A 15-year-old girl with cerebellar stroke and an anomalous vertebral artery.
  • Case 3: A 6-year-old girl with occipital and cerebellar strokes secondary to vertebral artery dissection.

Findings:

  • MRI is crucial for diagnosing infratentorial strokes, especially when CT is normal.
  • Genetic factors (MTHFR mutation, alpha-thalassemia) and anatomical variations (vertebral artery anomalies) may play a role.
  • Vertebral artery dissection is confirmed as a cause of infratentorial stroke in one case.

Implications:

  • Systematic investigation for vertebral artery dissection is recommended in pediatric infratentorial strokes.
  • Early diagnosis and management of pediatric stroke can lead to favorable outcomes.
  • Understanding the diverse etiologies, including dissection and genetic factors, is vital for managing childhood stroke.