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Related Concept Videos

Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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Behavior Therapy01:22

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
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The Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System (EPOCS): A Research Tool and an Emerging Therapy for Chronic Neuromuscular Disorders
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Elite controllers as a model of functional cure.

Brigitte Autran1, Benjamin Descours, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel

  • 1Laboratory Immunity and Infection, Pierre and Marie Curie University, INSERM UMRS 945, France. brigitte.autran@psl.aphp.fr

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Elite controllers with HIV maintain low viral replication due to host genetics, not viral defects. This elite long-term controller status offers a promising model for a functional cure without lifelong antiretroviral therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Lifelong antiretroviral therapies for HIV infection present challenges.
  • A functional cure aims for long-term remission of HIV replication without ongoing treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the concept of a functional cure for HIV.
  • To understand mechanisms of HIV control in elite controllers.
  • To assess elite controllers as a model for therapeutic and vaccine strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on HIV elite controllers.
  • Analysis of host genetic factors and immune responses.
  • Evaluation of viral genetic factors and immune deficiency.

Main Results:

  • Elite controller status is primarily driven by host genetic factors enabling robust cell-mediated immunity.
  • Viral genetic defects are not the main driver, though some attenuation occurs.
  • Elite long-term controllers, managing both virus and immune deficiency, represent a key model for functional cure.

Conclusions:

  • Elite controllers offer a potential model for achieving a functional HIV cure.
  • Understanding their immune mechanisms can guide the development of new therapeutic and vaccine strategies.
  • Further research into these mechanisms is crucial for advancing HIV remission strategies.