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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters
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Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters

Published on: May 29, 2026

Branched RNA: A New Architecture for RNA Interference.

Anna Aviñó1, Sandra M Ocampo, José Carlos Perales

  • 1Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of Nucleic Acids
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Novel branched small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) demonstrate comparable gene silencing efficacy to traditional siRNAs. This innovation offers a versatile platform for enhanced RNA interference therapeutics.

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Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects
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Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters
10:52

Visualization and Quantification of Intermolecular RNA Base Pairing in in vitro RNA Clusters Using Split Broccoli RNA Reporters

Published on: May 29, 2026

Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects
10:14

Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects

Published on: May 4, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Therapeutics

Background:

  • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology is a powerful tool for gene silencing.
  • Developing novel siRNA structures can improve therapeutic efficacy and delivery.
  • Existing siRNA modifications may limit their potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel branched RNA structures.
  • To evaluate the gene silencing capacity of branched siRNA duplexes.
  • To explore the potential of branched RNAs as a versatile platform for siRNA technology.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two- and four-stranded branched RNAs.
  • Generation of branched siRNA duplexes from synthesized branched RNAs.
  • Gene silencing experiments targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein expression.
  • Comparison of inhibitory capacity between branched and unmodified siRNA duplexes.

Main Results:

  • Branched siRNA duplexes were successfully synthesized.
  • Branched siRNA duplexes exhibited similar inhibitory capacity to unmodified siRNA duplexes in gene silencing experiments.
  • The inhibitory effect was demonstrated through the silencing of TNF-α protein.

Conclusions:

  • Branched RNAs represent a novel structural class for siRNA technology.
  • These branched structures offer an innovative tool for specific gene inhibition.
  • The described method is compatible with various RNA modifications, enabling the development of more potent siRNA derivatives and facilitating attachment to delivery systems.