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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

["Dying nevus" or regressing melanoma].

I Zalaudek1, P Donati, C Catricalà

  • 1Abteilung für Dermatologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, 8036 Graz, Österreich. iris.zalaudek@gmail.com

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|April 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Acquired melanocytic nevi grow until midlife, then involute. Dermoscopy reveals evolving nevus patterns, with involution signs appearing in adults, crucial for differentiating from melanoma.

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The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression
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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression
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The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Melanocytic nevi (moles) exhibit a dynamic life cycle influenced by age.
  • Understanding nevus evolution is critical for accurate diagnosis and patient management.

Observation:

  • Epidemiological data show nevus counts peak in midlife and decline thereafter.
  • Dermoscopy reveals distinct morphological patterns associated with nevus growth and involution.
  • Early involutional changes in nevi can be observed in adults aged 30-40.

Findings:

  • Nevus growth is indicated by peripheral symmetric globules.
  • Adult nevi commonly display reticular or mixed reticular patterns.
  • Clinically vanishing nevi in adults signify the involution phase.

Implications:

  • Dermoscopic monitoring aids in tracking nevus life cycle changes.
  • Recognizing involutional patterns is key to distinguishing benign nevi from melanoma with regression.
  • This understanding refines diagnostic criteria for melanocytic lesions.