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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
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Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
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Published on: January 7, 2015

A new rapid desensitization protocol for chemotherapy agents.

G Gastaminza1, J M de la Borbolla, M J Goikoetxea

  • 1Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. gastaminza@unav.es

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|April 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug desensitization is effective for oncology patients with chemotherapy allergies. This procedure allows patients to receive necessary treatments when alternative options are limited, demonstrating its clinical utility.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug desensitization is a long-standing method for managing allergies to essential medications.
  • This study focuses on desensitization protocols for chemotherapy agents in cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel desensitization protocol for chemotherapy-drug allergies.
  • To assess patient tolerance and safety during desensitization procedures.

Main Methods:

  • An observational retrospective study involving 11 cancer patients (breast and ovarian).
  • Patients received a 5-step desensitization protocol using graded drug dilutions.
  • Premedication was administered to all participants.

Main Results:

  • 39 desensitization procedures were performed for carboplatin, oxaliplatin, docetaxel, and paclitaxel.
  • 36 out of 39 procedures were tolerated, with 8 patients receiving the full dose.
  • One patient experienced anaphylaxis to carboplatin, which resolved with treatment; other adverse events were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapy drug desensitization is a valuable intervention for allergic patients.
  • The protocol demonstrated utility in enabling continued cancer treatment despite drug allergies.