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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
10:39

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Mast cells and COPD.

Esmaeil Mortaz1, Gert Folkerts, Frank Redegeld

  • 1Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.mortaz@gmail.com

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|April 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves immune responses to inhaled toxins. This review explores the potential role of mast cells and their mediators in COPD pathogenesis, particularly in response to cigarette smoke.

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Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
16:01

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Published on: January 26, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
10:39

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis
16:01

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Published on: January 26, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis involves innate and adaptive immune responses to inhaled toxins.
  • Tobacco smoking is a primary cause, but environmental/occupational exposures also contribute.
  • COPD involves airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and emphysematous lung destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential role of mast cells in COPD pathogenesis.
  • To discuss mast cell mediators and their involvement in airway inflammation and remodeling.
  • To examine mast cell activation and signaling in response to cigarette smoke exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on COPD and mast cell biology.
  • Analysis of inflammatory cells and mediators implicated in COPD.
  • Discussion of mast cell signaling pathways relevant to cigarette smoke exposure.

Main Results:

  • COPD features inflammation involving neutrophils, macrophages, T lymphocytes, and dendritic cells.
  • The specific contribution of mast cells to COPD-related airway injury and remodeling is not well-documented.
  • Cigarette smoke can activate mast cells and their signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells may play a significant role in COPD pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of mast cell involvement in COPD.
  • Understanding mast cell contributions could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for COPD.