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MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

MicroRNAs in the cardiovascular system.

Mingyue Han¹, Jessica Toli, Maha Abdellatif

¹Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

Current Opinion in Cardiology

|April 6, 2011

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in the heart, impacting cardiac development and disease. Targeting these molecules offers promising diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular conditions.

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Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization

Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization

Published on: September 15, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge

Published on: June 15, 2018

Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization

Tissue-specific miRNA Expression Profiling in Mouse Heart Sections Using In Situ Hybridization

Published on: September 15, 2018

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cardiovascular Research
Gene Regulation

Background:

Gene expression reprogramming is central to cardiac pathogenesis.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key posttranscriptional regulators with emerging roles in cardiac function.
miRNAs present potential as therapeutic agents in cardiovascular medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in understanding microRNA function in cardiac development and disease.
To highlight the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in cardiovascular medicine.

Main Methods:

Literature review of current research on miRNAs in cardiac pathogenesis.
Analysis of studies investigating specific cardiac-related miRNAs and their functions.
Examination of therapeutic strategies involving miRNA manipulation.

Main Results:

Cardiac-enriched miRNAs (e.g., miR-1, miR-133, miR-208) are crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
Ubiquitous miRNAs (e.g., miR-23a, miR-199b) also influence cardiac development.
Specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-21, miR-199a, miR-210, miR-494) are vital for myocyte survival during hypoxia/ischemia.
miRNA depletion or replacement strategies show efficacy in preventing/reversing cardiac disorders.

Conclusions:

MicroRNA discovery offers novel insights into cardiac disease mechanisms.
miRNAs represent a new dimension in gene regulation for cardiovascular research.
miRNAs hold promise for developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for heart diseases.