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Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

Nuclear Export

Nuclear Export

The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...

Regulated mRNA Transport

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...

Regulated mRNA Transport

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Directing Proteins to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

The organelle-specific signaling sequences direct proteins synthesized in the cytosol to their final destination like ER, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. Some of the proteins directed to ER are then trafficked via vesicles to other organelles within the cell or the extracellular environment through the Golgi complex. For example, the rough ER synthesizes soluble proteins for transportation to the lysosomes or secretion out of the cell. It can also synthesize transmembrane proteins that can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

The Ccr4-Not complex interacts with the mRNA export machinery.

Shana C Kerr¹, Nowel Azzouz, Stephen M Fuchs

¹Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.

|April 6, 2011

Summary

The Ccr4-Not complex, a regulator of gene expression, physically and functionally interacts with mRNA export machinery. This interaction, dependent on Hmt1 methyltransferase activity, impacts mRNA export and highlights Ccr4-Not

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Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Gene Regulation
Eukaryotic Gene Expression

Background:

The Ccr4-Not complex regulates gene transcription and mRNA degradation.
Its role in mRNA export, a post-transcriptional process, is largely unknown.
Human Caf1 (hCaf1) links Ccr4-Not to PRMT1, a regulator of mRNA export factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the Ccr4-Not complex's involvement in mRNA export.
To elucidate the functional significance of the hCaf1-PRMT1 interaction in mRNA processing.

Main Methods:

Co-immunoprecipitation assays to detect protein interactions.
Genetic and biochemical approaches in budding yeast.
Mass spectrometry to identify interacting partners.
Analysis of mRNA export efficiency.

Main Results:

Ccr4-Not subunits interact with Hmt1, the yeast ortholog of PRMT1.
Ccr4-Not physically and functionally interacts with hnRNPs Nab2 and Hrp1.
These interactions are dependent on Hmt1 methyltransferase activity.
Ccr4-Not interacts with nuclear pore complex (NPC) components, impacting mRNA export.

Conclusions:

The Ccr4-Not complex has previously unrecognized roles in the mRNA processing and export pathway.
These findings expand the known functions of Ccr4-Not to include mRNA export.
Ccr4-Not is implicated in the entire mRNA biogenesis pathway, from transcription to turnover.