Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2025

Same author

Good Practices for the Laboratory Performance Testing of Aqueous Oral Inhaled Products (OIPs): an Assessment from the International Pharmaceutical Aerosol Consortium on Regulation and Science (IPAC-RS).

AAPS PharmSciTech·2023

Same author

Reducing g<sup>(2)</sup>(0) of a parametric down-conversion source via photon-number resolution with superconducting nanowire detectors.

Optics express·2022

Same author

Measuring the Joint Spectral Mode of Photon Pairs Using Intensity Interferometry.

Physical review letters·2022

Same author

Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Lagenaria Siceraria (Molina) Against Maximal Electroshock (MES) -Induced Convulsions in Albino Rats.

Kathmandu University medical journal (KUMJ)·2021

Same author

Quantum-enhanced interferometry with large heralded photon-number states.

NPJ quantum information·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

Inlay osmotic pump tablets containing metformin and glipizide.

R B Patel¹, G N Patel, H R Patel

¹Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, India. riteshpatel0110@yahoo.co.in

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

|April 7, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new inlay osmotic pump tablet delivers glipizide (GLZ) and metformin HCl (MET) effectively for diabetes management. This controlled-release system ensures precise drug delivery, improving glycemic control and preventing complications.

More Related Videos

Intra-Omental Islet Transplantation Using h-Omental Matrix Islet filliNG (hOMING)

Intra-Omental Islet Transplantation Using h-Omental Matrix Islet filliNG (hOMING)

Published on: March 14, 2019

A Multi-Parametric Islet Perifusion System within a Microfluidic Perifusion Device

A Multi-Parametric Islet Perifusion System within a Microfluidic Perifusion Device

Published on: January 26, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

Published on: April 7, 2023

Intra-Omental Islet Transplantation Using h-Omental Matrix Islet filliNG (hOMING)

Intra-Omental Islet Transplantation Using h-Omental Matrix Islet filliNG (hOMING)

Published on: March 14, 2019

A Multi-Parametric Islet Perifusion System within a Microfluidic Perifusion Device

A Multi-Parametric Islet Perifusion System within a Microfluidic Perifusion Device

Published on: January 26, 2010

Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Sciences
Drug Delivery Systems
Diabetes Therapeutics

Background:

Diabetes mellitus requires strict glycemic control to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications.
Conventional drug delivery systems may not provide optimal therapeutic outcomes for managing diabetes.
Controlled-release formulations offer a promising approach to enhance diabetes therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize an inlay osmotic pump tablet (IOPT) for the combined delivery of glipizide (GLZ) and metformin HCl (MET).
To achieve a specific release profile: >75% GLZ within 2 hours, followed by sustained MET release for up to 12 hours.
To optimize formulation variables for controlled drug release and improved physicochemical properties.

Main Methods:

HP-β-CD was used to enhance GLZ solubility.
MET was spray-dried with HPMC A15C to modify its release and properties.
Osmotic system variables including osmagents, polymer concentration, orifice diameter, and coating composition were investigated.
Drug release kinetics were analyzed using parameters like G(75%), t(LMET), Q(10 h), and RSQ(ZERO).

Main Results:

The IOPT successfully achieved the target release profiles for both GLZ and MET.
Sodium carbonate and sodium chloride effectively modified GLZ release rates.
Dual-coating and hydrophilic polymers were used to adjust MET release rates.
Formulation variables significantly influenced the drug release characteristics.

Conclusions:

The developed inlay osmotic system provides a viable strategy for the controlled co-delivery of GLZ and MET.
This advanced drug delivery system holds potential for effective multidrug therapy in diabetes management.
The IOPT offers a promising approach to improve patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy in diabetes treatment.