Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
X-ray Visualization of Intraductal Ethanol-based Ablative Infusion for Prevention of Breast Cancer in Rabbit Models
Published on: September 12, 2025
Quantification of dermal and transdermal delivery of meloxicam gels in rabbits
Mayurkumar Patel1, Abhay Joshi, Hana Hassanzadeth
1Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, 75 DeKalb Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
Background:
This study was designed to quantify the effects of penetration enhancers on systemic bioavailability of 0.3% meloxicam (MLX) hydroxypropylcellulose gels. Cutaneous microdialysis was also performed to assess dermis availability and to better understand the penetration process. The gels tested were a 1% oleic acid gel, a 5% menthol gel, and a control gel without penetration enhancers.
Methods:
To assess systemic bioavailability, three female rabbits received according to a crossover design 0.135 g/cm(2) of gel applied to a 7.5 × 7.5 cm area of their shaved back and a short (5 min) infusion of 1 mg. In each experiment, blood samples were collected serially for 36 h and analyzed by a validated HPLC method. For skin bioavailability studies, 0.135 g/cm(2) of the same gels were applied to a 1 × 2 cm area on top of a microdialysis probe previously inserted in the dermis. Dialysate samples were collected for 6 h every 30 min.
Results:
Systemically, the 5% menthol gel delivered 3.93 ± 0.85 mg of MLX versus the 1.41 ± 0.24 mg of the oleic acid gel. Only traces of MLX were detectable from the control gel. In dermis, substantial concentrations of MLX were detected only after the application of the menthol gel, whereas skin concentration from the control gel and the 1% oleic acid gel were always below the lowest limit of quantification (LLOQ).
Conclusions:
The 5% menthol gel can possibly deliver therapeutically relevant amount of MLX in vivo. Dermis concentrations can be predictive of systemic plasma levels.
