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Utilizing natural diversity to evolve protein function: applications towards thermostability.

Megan F Cole1, Eric A Gaucher

  • 1School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

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Designing protein libraries for functional diversity benefits from evolutionary history. Incorporating sequence diversity from genomes ensures selected protein variants are fit for purpose.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Protein engineering aims to create diverse protein libraries within practical size limits.
  • Leveraging natural selection's explored sequence space is a key strategy for designing functional protein variants.
  • Existing sequence diversity in modern and ancestral genomes has been shaped by evolutionary forces, indicating inherent fitness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight five distinct approaches for designing protein libraries.
  • To demonstrate how protein engineers can utilize the evolutionary history and diversity of homologous proteins.
  • To provide insights into creating effective protein libraries for functional diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and methodologies in protein library design.
  • Analysis of approaches that incorporate genomic sequence diversity.
  • Discussion of strategies utilizing evolutionary sequence history of homologous proteins.

Main Results:

  • Identification of five successful strategies for protein library design.
  • Demonstration of how evolutionary sequence diversity contributes to functional outcomes.
  • Highlighting the 'fitness to survive' inherent in evolutionarily selected sequences.

Conclusions:

  • Evolutionary sequence history is a valuable resource for designing functional protein libraries.
  • Incorporating naturally selected diversity enhances the success rate of protein engineering efforts.
  • Understanding evolutionary principles aids in creating targeted and effective protein variant libraries.