Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems01:28

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems

Consider a ternary system, which is composed of three components: water (W), ethanoic acid (E), and trichloromethane (T). Here, Ethanoic acid (E) is fully miscible with both water (W) and trichloromethane (T), meaning it can mix entirely with either of them. However, water and trichloromethane have partial miscibility, meaning they can only mix to a certain extent, beyond which two separate phases will form.The phase diagram of a ternary system is represented as an equilateral triangle, where...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Selection of black bean pre-cultivars based on adaptability and stability for the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia·2025
Same author

Planar XY magnetic glass state in the Gd<sub>2</sub>ScNbO<sub>7</sub>pyrochlore.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2024
Same author

Genetic diversity based on multivariate techniques in elephant grass genotypes for bioenergy.

Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia·2024
Same author

Emergence of the isotropic Kitaev honeycomb latticeα-RuCl<sub>3</sub>and its magnetic properties.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2024
Same author

Spin-Glass Ground State in a Triangular-Lattice Compound YbZnGaO_{4}.

Physical review letters·2018
Same author

Evidence for the confinement of magnetic monopoles in quantum spin ice.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

The magnetic phase diagram of Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7).

R S Freitas1, J S Gardner

  • 1Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05314-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. freitas@if.usp.br

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|April 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied the magnetic susceptibility of the frustrated pyrochlore magnet Gadolinium(Gd)(2)Tin(2)Oxide(7) (Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7)). Applied magnetic fields revealed at least four magnetic phase transitions below 1 Kelvin, offering new insights into frustrated magnetism.

More Related Videos

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Magnetism
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Frustrated pyrochlores exhibit complex magnetic behaviors due to competing interactions.
  • Gadolinium compounds are model systems for studying magnetic phenomena.
  • Understanding magnetic phase transitions is crucial for developing new magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the magnetic properties of the frustrated pyrochlore magnet Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7).
  • To map the H-T phase diagram and identify magnetic phase transitions.
  • To compare the magnetic behavior of Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7) with other gadolinium pyrochlores.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements were conducted at low temperatures (below 5 K) and high magnetic fields (up to 12 T).
  • Analysis of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of magnetic susceptibility.
  • Construction of the H-T phase diagram.

Main Results:

  • At least four distinct magnetic phase transitions were observed below 1 K in Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7).
  • The H-T phase diagram reveals complex magnetic ordering driven by Zeeman energy overcoming competing interactions.
  • Crystal-field splitting, exchange, and dipolar energies were found to be comparable in this system.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the intricate magnetic phase diagram of Gd(2)Sn(2)O(7).
  • Zeeman energy plays a significant role in driving magnetic phase transitions in this frustrated pyrochlore.
  • The findings provide a basis for further research into frustrated magnetism in gadolinium-based compounds.