Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An olfactory-prefrontal cortical circuit supports social recognition.

Research square·2026
Same author

Neurometabolites and Antipsychotic Response in Psychosis: A Mega-Analysis.

JAMA psychiatry·2026
Same author

Genetic interaction of <i>DISC1</i> and <i>Neuroligin</i> in regulation of glutamatergic synaptogenesis.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

R-loop landscapes in the developing human brain are linked to neural differentiation and cell type-specific transcription.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Brain structural abnormalities in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

Soluble α2δ-1, altered in disease CSF, modulates network homeostasis and rescues deficits in a neuropsychiatric mouse model.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: How cooperation built the world.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Deep-sea oddities and boatloads of other new species - June's best science images.

Nature·2026
Same journal

From cloning to gene-editing: the enduring legacy of Dolly the sheep.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Time to give hydration breaks the red card? What science says about keeping cool.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Universities are relying on AI-detection software to catch cheating. How well do the programs work?

Nature·2026
Same journal

Daily briefing: 'Cyborg' cockroaches breathe underwater with printed suit.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices
04:17

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: March 8, 2024

DISC1-dependent switch from progenitor proliferation to migration in the developing cortex.

Koko Ishizuka1, Atsushi Kamiya, Edwin C Oh

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.

Nature
|April 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphorylation of DISC1 protein acts as a molecular switch in the brain. This switch controls progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal migration during corticogenesis, impacting mental disorder susceptibility.

More Related Videos

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex
09:25

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex

Published on: June 4, 2014

Ex Vivo Culture of Chick Cerebellar Slices and Spatially Targeted Electroporation of Granule Cell Precursors
10:02

Ex Vivo Culture of Chick Cerebellar Slices and Spatially Targeted Electroporation of Granule Cell Precursors

Published on: December 14, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices
04:17

Time-Lapse Imaging of Migrating Neurons and Glial Progenitors in Embryonic Mouse Brain Slices

Published on: March 8, 2024

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex
09:25

Live Imaging of Mitosis in the Developing Mouse Embryonic Cortex

Published on: June 4, 2014

Ex Vivo Culture of Chick Cerebellar Slices and Spatially Targeted Electroporation of Granule Cell Precursors
10:02

Ex Vivo Culture of Chick Cerebellar Slices and Spatially Targeted Electroporation of Granule Cell Precursors

Published on: December 14, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Corticogenesis involves precise regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal migration.
  • The function of DISC1 (Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1), a susceptibility factor for mental disorders, in corticogenesis is not fully understood.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms switching between proliferation and migration remain elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of DISC1 phosphorylation in regulating the transition from progenitor cell proliferation to neuronal migration during corticogenesis.
  • To investigate the molecular interactions of DISC1, including its interaction with GSK3β and Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins.
  • To determine how specific phosphorylation events on DISC1 influence its function in neural development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mouse models to study corticogenesis.
  • Investigated DISC1 phosphorylation at serine 710 (S710).
  • Examined interactions between DISC1, GSK3β, and BBS proteins using genetic manipulation and biochemical assays.
  • Assessed the effects of DISC1 knockdown and specific DISC1 mutants (phospho-dead and phospho-mimic) on cell proliferation and migration.

Main Results:

  • Unphosphorylated DISC1 interacts with GSK3β to regulate Wnt signaling, maintaining progenitor cell proliferation.
  • Phosphorylation of DISC1 at S710 recruits BBS proteins to the centrosome, promoting neuronal migration.
  • Loss of BBS1 specifically impairs migration, while DISC1 knockdown affects both proliferation and migration.
  • Phospho-dead DISC1 mutant rescues proliferation, and phospho-mimic mutant rescues migration, confirming the switch function.

Conclusions:

  • DISC1 plays a dual role in corticogenesis, regulating both progenitor proliferation and neuronal migration.
  • Phosphorylation of DISC1 at S710 acts as a critical molecular switch, transitioning from proliferation to migration.
  • This phosphorylation-dependent switch mechanism involving DISC1 and BBS proteins is crucial for proper brain development and may have implications for mental disorders.