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Related Concept Videos

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Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
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Development of Blood Vessels01:07

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
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Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

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During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
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Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

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Related Experiment Video

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Three-dimensional Rendering and Analysis of Immunolabeled, Clarified Human Placental Villous Vascular Networks
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Elements in human placentae in Jamaica.

C Grant1, G Lalor, H Fletcher

  • 1International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica, West Indies. charles.grant@uwimona.edu.jm

The West Indian Medical Journal
|April 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Placental elemental content, including calcium and zinc, showed correlations with birthweight and Apgar scores in Jamaican mothers. Further research is needed to understand the clinical relevance of these elemental associations.

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Human Placental and Decidual Organ Cultures to Study Infections at the Maternal-fetal Interface

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Maternal health and placental elemental composition can influence neonatal outcomes.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for identifying potential risk factors during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate correlations between placental elemental concentrations and maternal age, birthweight, and neonatal Apgar scores.
  • To assess specific elements like calcium, zinc, potassium, and bromine in relation to these perinatal factors.

Main Methods:

  • Placental samples from 52 Jamaican mothers were analyzed using neutron activation.
  • Maternal and neonatal data, including birthweight and Apgar scores, were collected via questionnaire.
  • Concentrations of 10 elements (bromine, calcium, chlorine, iron, mercury, potassium, rubidium, selenium, sodium, zinc) were determined.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between birthweight and placental calcium (p=0.007) and zinc (p=0.07).
  • Apgar scores at 5 minutes correlated with birthweight for calcium and zinc.
  • Negative correlations were observed between Apgar 2 scores and potassium (p=0.056), and maternal age and bromine (p=0.02).
  • Mercury levels were slightly lower than literature means and mostly below established upper limits.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified significant associations between placental elements and perinatal factors.
  • The clinical relevance of these observed correlations requires further investigation.