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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment
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Sir Almroth Wright: pioneer immunologist.

Harold Ellis1

  • 1Guy's, King's, St Thomas' School of Biomedical Sciences, London SE1 1UL.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|April 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Almroth Edward Wright, a pioneer in immunology, developed life-saving techniques during World War I. His significant contributions to immunology are largely unrecognized today, despite their historical impact.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Medical History

Background:

  • Commemorating the 150th birth anniversary of Almroth Edward Wright, a pivotal figure in immunology.
  • Highlighting Wright's crucial role in developing immunological techniques that saved numerous lives, particularly during World War I.

Discussion:

  • Examining the historical neglect of Almroth Edward Wright's substantial contributions to immunology and public health.
  • Exploring the potential reasons behind the diminished recognition of his pioneering work in the field of immunology.

Key Insights:

  • Wright's immunological advancements significantly impacted military medicine and public health outcomes.
  • His work laid foundational principles for modern immunology, underscoring his legacy.

Outlook:

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  • Re-evaluating and recognizing the historical significance of Almroth Edward Wright's contributions to immunology.
  • Ensuring that future generations of scientists and historians acknowledge his vital role in the advancement of medical science.