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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares often...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
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Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
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Related Experiment Video

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Sleep problems in children with autism spectrum problems: a longitudinal population-based study.

Børge Sivertsen1, Maj-Britt Posserud, Christopher Gillberg

  • 1Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway. borge.sivertsen@fhi.no

Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Children with Autism Spectrum Problems (ASP) experience chronic insomnia at ten times the rate of their peers. These sleep issues are more persistent and develop more frequently over time in children with ASP.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Sleep problems are common in children.
  • Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are associated with various challenges, including sleep disturbances.
  • Longitudinal data on sleep problems in children with Autism Spectrum Problems (ASP) is crucial for understanding chronicity and impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and chronicity of sleep problems in children with Autism Spectrum Problems (ASP).
  • To assess the incidence and remission rates of sleep problems in children with ASP over time.
  • To identify predictors of sleep problems in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal population-based study assessing children at ages 7-9 and 11-13.
  • Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) used to identify children with ASP.
  • Sleep problems, including insomnia, were assessed, along with emotional and behavioral factors.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASP had a >10x higher prevalence of chronic insomnia compared to controls.
  • Incidence of new sleep problems was 37.5% in children with ASP vs. 8.6% in controls.
  • Sleep problems in ASP were more persistent, with a remission rate of 8.3% vs. 52.4% in controls. ASP predicted sleep problems (OR=12.44), with a significant independent effect on insomnia (OR=3.25) after accounting for behavioral issues.

Conclusions:

  • Children with Autism Spectrum Problems exhibit a significantly higher prevalence and chronicity of sleep problems, particularly insomnia.
  • Sleep problems represent a persistent challenge for children with ASP, requiring targeted interventions.
  • Increased clinical awareness and screening for sleep disturbances in children with ASP are warranted.