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Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Immunoprecipitation01:20

Immunoprecipitation

Immunoprecipitation, or IP, is a widely used technique that employs protein-antibody interactions to isolate proteins or protein complexes in their native state for studying protein-protein interactions, quaternary structures, or supramolecular complexes. Various modifications of the technique, including chromatin IP, cross-linking IP, and fluorescence IP, are commonly used.
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Chromatin immunoprecipitation, also known as ChIP, is used to study protein-DNA or...
Upstream Processing01:27

Upstream Processing

Upstream processing represents a critical phase in biomanufacturing, wherein biological systems such as microorganisms, mammalian cells, or insect cells are cultivated to produce therapeutic proteins, vaccines, enzymes, or other biologically derived products. This phase encompasses all steps from the selection and genetic manipulation of the production organism to the cultivation of cells in bioreactors under tightly controlled environmental conditions.Host Selection and Genetic OptimizationThe...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Purification and Analytics of a Monoclonal Antibody from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Automated Microbioreactor System
10:50

Purification and Analytics of a Monoclonal Antibody from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Automated Microbioreactor System

Published on: May 1, 2019

Aggregates in monoclonal antibody manufacturing processes.

María Vázquez-Rey1, Dietmar A Lang

  • 1Manufacturing Science and Technology, Lonza Biologics Porriňo SL, A Relva s/n, 36410, Porriño, Pontevedra, Spain.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Protein aggregation compromises therapeutic antibody quality and safety. This review details aggregate formation during manufacturing and methods to minimize or remove them, ensuring product efficacy and patient health.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Purification and Analytics of a Monoclonal Antibody from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Automated Microbioreactor System
10:50

Purification and Analytics of a Monoclonal Antibody from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Automated Microbioreactor System

Published on: May 1, 2019

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Use of High-Throughput Automated Microbioreactor System for Production of Model IgG1 in CHO Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing
  • Protein Chemistry
  • Drug Development

Background:

  • Monoclonal antibodies are vital therapeutics, but their large-scale production is complex.
  • Protein stabilization is critical; inadequate stability can lead to loss of therapeutic properties or immunogenic reactions.
  • Protein aggregation is a prevalent issue impacting antibody quality, safety, and efficacy throughout manufacturing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the formation of protein aggregates during industrial monoclonal antibody production.
  • To explain the necessity of removing aggregates from therapeutic antibody products.
  • To review manufacturing process steps designed for aggregate minimization and removal.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of monoclonal antibody manufacturing processes.
  • Analysis of protein aggregation mechanisms in biopharmaceutical production.
  • Examination of quality control strategies for therapeutic antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Aggregation can occur at various manufacturing stages: fermentation, purification, formulation, and storage.
  • Aggregate levels are critical quality attributes affecting biological activity and product safety.
  • Effective strategies exist to minimize or remove aggregates, ensuring product integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding and controlling protein aggregation is essential for producing safe and effective monoclonal antibodies.
  • Manufacturing processes must incorporate steps to prevent or eliminate aggregates.
  • Minimizing aggregates ensures the quality, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of antibody products.