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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

Bone cell elasticity and morphology changes during the cell cycle.

Geraldine M Kelly1, Jason I Kilpatrick, Maarten H van Es

  • 1Nanoscale Function Group, Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. kellyg6@tcd.ie

Journal of Biomechanics
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell cycle phase regulates osteoblast mechanical properties, with cells in S phase being significantly stiffer than those in G1. This finding impacts tissue engineering and understanding cellular biomechanics.

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Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

A Novel Stretching Platform for Applications in Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology
16:46

A Novel Stretching Platform for Applications in Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology

Published on: June 3, 2014

Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry
09:12

Measuring Deformability and Red Cell Heterogeneity in Blood by Ektacytometry

Published on: January 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cellular mechanobiology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell cycle regulation

Background:

  • Cell mechanical properties are influenced by various factors, including cell cycle.
  • Cell cycle progression involves mechanical processes requiring regulation.
  • The role of the cell cycle in mechanobiology remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory role of the cell cycle in osteoblast mechanobiology.
  • To determine if cell cycle phase influences the elastic modulus of osteoblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the elastic modulus of synchronized osteoblasts.
  • Confocal microscopy was employed to study F-actin expression and cell morphology.

Main Results:

  • Osteoblast elasticity is significantly regulated by cell cycle phase.
  • Cells in S phase exhibited an elastic modulus approximately 1.7 times higher than G1 phase cells.
  • F-actin expression increased with cell cycle progression from G0 onwards.

Conclusions:

  • The cell cycle plays a crucial role in regulating cellular mechanical properties.
  • Findings have implications for tissue engineering and bio-engineering applications.
  • Understanding cell cycle-dependent mechanobiology is vital for disease research, including cancer.