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Related Concept Videos

Channel Rhodopsins01:11

Channel Rhodopsins

Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
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Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.Positive Frequency-Dependent SelectionIn positive...
Osmoregulation in Fishes02:32

Osmoregulation in Fishes

When cells are placed in a hypotonic (low-salt) fluid, they can swell and burst. Meanwhile, cells in a hypertonic solution—with a higher salt concentration—can shrivel and die. How do fish cells avoid these gruesome fates in hypotonic freshwater or hypertonic seawater environments?
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

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Phenylpropanoids in radioregulation: double edged sword.

Wanyeon Kim1, Ki Moon Seong, BuHyun Youn

  • 1College of Natural Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Korea.

Experimental & Molecular Medicine
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenylpropanoids, natural plant compounds, show promise in cancer treatment by enhancing radiotherapy. They can sensitize tumors to radiation and protect normal tissues from damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Phytochemistry

Background:

  • Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of solid tumor treatment but faces challenges like acquired radioresistance and normal tissue toxicity.
  • Phenylpropanoids, plant-derived phytochemicals, exhibit anti-cancer properties and low cytotoxicity.
  • Existing research suggests phenylpropanoids may overcome radioresistance and mitigate radiation-induced normal tissue injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent investigations on the combined use of phenylpropanoids and radiotherapy for cancer treatment.
  • To highlight the potential of phenylpropanoids as adjuncts to radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of research on phenylpropanoid mechanisms of action.
  • Synthesis of findings on efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

  • Phenylpropanoids demonstrate dual action: sensitizing cancer cells to radiation and protecting normal tissues.
  • Evidence suggests inhibition of tumor growth and induction of cancer cell death when combined with radiotherapy.
  • Potential for reduced side effects and improved therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Phenylpropanoids represent a promising class of compounds for enhancing radiotherapy efficacy.
  • Their ability to target radioresistance and protect normal tissues warrants further clinical investigation.
  • Combination therapy with phenylpropanoids may offer a novel strategy in cancer treatment.