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Landmark recognition in Alzheimer's dementia: spared implicit memory for objects relevant for navigation.

Roy P C Kessels¹, Amy van Doormaal, Gabriele Janzen

¹Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. r.kessels@donders.ru.nl

|April 13, 2011

Summary

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Alzheimer

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Landmark recognition is vital for spatial navigation, particularly memory for objects at decision points.
Previous research indicated heightened medial-temporal lobe (MTL) activation for decision point objects, even implicitly.
Alzheimer's dementia (AD) may impact implicit learning and spatial memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate implicit memory for navigationally relevant objects in patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD).
To compare object memory at decision points versus non-decision points in AD patients and controls.

Main Methods:

21 AD patients and 20 controls viewed a virtual museum route with objects at decision and non-decision points.
Participants underwent a recognition test for previously seen objects.
Medial-temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy was assessed via MRI; cognitive status was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Main Results:

Both AD patients and controls showed better recognition for non-toy objects at decision points compared to non-decision points.
A decision point effect was not observed for attended items (toys).

Conclusions:

AD patients with MTL damage retain implicit memory for navigationally relevant object information.
Attention to specific items may impair contextual memory in AD patients, unlike in controls.