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Intermediate uveitis in Indian population.

Swapnil Parchand1, Manjari Tandan, Vishali Gupta

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tuberculosis is a leading cause of intermediate uveitis (IU) in India. Treating IU with antitubercular treatment (ATT) significantly reduces inflammation recurrence, highlighting the need for infection investigation in endemic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Intermediate uveitis (IU) is often presumed to be autoimmune, based on data from developed nations.
  • Developing countries may have different etiological profiles for IU due to endemic infections.
  • Large-scale studies on IU etiology in developing countries are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes, treatments, and outcomes of intermediate uveitis in North India.
  • To assess the role of infections, particularly tuberculosis, in the etiology of IU.
  • To evaluate the impact of specific therapies on IU recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 205 patients with a referral diagnosis of IU.
  • Detailed analysis of 122 confirmed IU patients with at least a 1-year follow-up.
  • Comprehensive investigations for etiology, followed by stepwise treatment including corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.

Main Results:

  • Tuberculosis was the most common cause of IU (46.7%), followed by sarcoidosis (18%) and pars planitis (28.7%).
  • Antitubercular treatment (ATT) in 42 patients with tuberculosis-related IU resulted in significantly lower recurrence rates (11.9%) compared to those not receiving ATT (46.7%).
  • Recurrences were more frequent in eyes with snow banking, cystoid macular edema, and those treated with local therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis is a significant etiological factor for intermediate uveitis in endemic regions like India.
  • Investigating for tuberculosis and initiating specific antitubercular treatment is crucial for managing IU and reducing recurrences.
  • This study emphasizes the importance of considering infectious etiologies in IU, especially in developing countries.