Sensitivity of skin microflora to antibacterial medications administered to patients with different status of HIV

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• HIV infection compromises immune defenses, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
• Pyoderma, a common skin infection, presents challenges in HIV-positive individuals due to frequent relapses and complications.
• Understanding the microbial spectrum and antibiotic resistance in pyoderma is vital for effective treatment, especially in immunocompromised populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the bacterial composition and prevalence of pathogens in pustular skin lesions of patients with and without HIV.
• To investigate the impact of HIV status and clinical form of pyoderma on the spectrum of infectious agents and their resistance patterns.
• To analyze the frequency of mixed microbial cultures in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative patients with primary and secondary pyoderma.

Main Methods:

• Comparative analysis of bacterial pus samples from 124 HIV-positive patients and 70 HIV-negative patients with pyoderma.
• Identification of bacterial biotypes and assessment of their resistance patterns to antibacterial agents.
• Statistical comparison of pathogen isolation rates and mixed culture prevalence based on HIV status and pyoderma type.

Main Results:

• Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus haemolyticus were more frequent in HIV-negative patients with pyoderma.
• HIV-positive patients exhibited a broader spectrum of pathogens in pustular lesions.
• HIV-positive patients with primary pyoderma showed a 10-fold higher isolation rate of infectious agents in mixed cultures compared to HIV-negative patients.
• Cultivation rates of mixed cultures increased by 2.5 times in HIV-positive patients with secondary pyoderma.

Conclusions:

• HIV status significantly influences the bacterial composition and infection dynamics in pyoderma.
• Increased prevalence of mixed microbial cultures in HIV-positive patients suggests a higher risk of complex infections.
• Findings highlight the need for tailored therapeutic strategies for pyoderma management in HIV-infected individuals, considering altered microbial patterns.