Exploring the applicability of interdependence theory to CNA-resident relationships

This study explored the quality of certified nurse assistant (CNA)-resident relationships. Of interest was the extent to which interdependence theory could be used to code CNAs' responses to questions about their relationships with residents and factors that promoted or limited these relationships. Interdependence theory defines closeness in terms of outcome interdependence and provides an account of how trust and commitment can develop. Seventeen socially skilled CNAs from nine long-term care facilities participated in structured personal interviews. All of the CNAs said they had developed close relationships with some residents. CNAs' answers to interview questions indicated they were thinking "relationally" about their interactions with residents. Many CNAs made reference to commitment and pro-relationship behaviors that promoted relationships, and their responses supported the applicability of interdependence theory. Implications for training are that CNAs should be encouraged to think relationally, as well as dispositionally, and that boundary issues need to be explored.