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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Related Experiment Video

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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues

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Infective endocarditis.

Yok-Ai Que1, Philippe Moreillon

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature Reviews. Cardiology
|April 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Infective endocarditis (IE) epidemiology has shifted, affecting older individuals and new risk groups. New prevention strategies beyond antibiotics are crucial for managing this lethal heart infection.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) has seen significant epidemiological shifts over four decades, particularly in industrialized nations.
  • Historically affecting young adults with rheumatic heart disease, IE now predominantly impacts older patients and emerging at-risk populations.
  • These new groups include intravenous drug users, individuals with intracardiac devices, and those exposed to healthcare-associated bacteremia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the changing epidemiology of infective endocarditis.
  • To identify shifts in causative pathogens and risk factors.
  • To explore novel prevention strategies for infective endocarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data over the past four decades.

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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat
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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat

Published on: June 4, 2012

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An In Vitro Model of a Parallel-Plate Perfusion System to Study Bacterial Adherence to Graft Tissues
07:50

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat
07:46

Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Rat

Published on: June 4, 2012

  • Analysis of pathogen prevalence in different patient populations.
  • Assessment of the efficacy of current prevention strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • IE now affects older patients and new risk groups like IV drug users and those with devices.
    • Staphylococcus spp. are increasingly implicated, particularly in healthcare-associated IE.
    • Molecular diagnostics have improved detection of difficult-to-cultivate pathogens causing blood-culture-negative IE.

    Conclusions:

    • Circumstantial antibiotic prophylaxis offers limited protection against IE.
    • New prevention strategies, including improved dental hygiene and Staphylococcus aureus decolonization, are essential.
    • Further research into vaccination and antiplatelet therapy for IE prevention is warranted.