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Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...

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Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
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Self and nonself recognition through C-type lectin receptor, Mincle.

Yasunobu Miyake1, Eri Ishikawa, Tetsuaki Ishikawa

  • 1Division of Molecular Immunology; Medical Institute of Bioregulation; Kyushu University; Maidashi Higashiku, Fukuoka Japan.

Self/Nonself
|April 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mincle, a macrophage receptor, signals through FcRγ to trigger inflammatory cytokine release. It recognizes diverse ligands, acting as a key danger sensor for self and non-self threats.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Mincle (also known as Clec4e or Clecsf9) is a C-type lectin receptor found on activated macrophages.
  • Recent studies show Mincle signals via the FcRγ adaptor protein, leading to inflammatory cytokine production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on Mincle's ligands.
  • To summarize the immunological functions of Mincle.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent discoveries.
  • Analysis of Mincle's signaling pathways and ligand recognition.

Main Results:

  • Mincle recognizes a broad spectrum of ligands, including damaged self-cells, fungi, yeast, and mycobacteria.
  • Mincle functions as a versatile danger receptor, responding to both self and non-self stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Mincle plays a critical role in innate immunity by sensing danger signals.
  • Understanding Mincle's ligands and functions is crucial for developing new immunotherapies.