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Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts

Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts

Consider the elastic torsion formula, which applies to a circular shaft with a consistent cross-section. This formula assumes that the shaft's ends are loaded with rigid plates firmly attached. However, in many cases, torques are applied to the shaft through mechanisms like flange couplings or gears, which are connected by keys inserted into keyways. This application method modifies the stress distribution near the point of torque application, causing it to deviate from the distributions...

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...

Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts

Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts

In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the shaft's...

Circular Shafts - Elastoplastic Materials

Circular Shafts - Elastoplastic Materials

The study of solid circular shafts under stress shows that within the elastic limit, stress increases directly to the distance from the shaft's center. This relationship holds until the shaft reaches a critical point of stress, beyond which it begins to yield, marking the transition from elastic to plastic deformation. At this crucial juncture, the maximum torque the shaft can endure without permanent deformation is determined, signifying the limit of its elastic behavior.
As torque on the...

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes

Published on: January 6, 2023

The effect of tissue compression on circular stapler line failure.

Stephan R Myers¹, William S Rothermel, Lynn Shaffer

¹Department of Surgery, Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH 43214, USA. SMyers@unitedbariatrics.com

Surgical Endoscopy

|April 14, 2011

Summary

Optimizing gastrointestinal anastomosis involves understanding tissue compression. Higher compression, measured in PSI, strongly correlates with increased mechanical strength, reducing leak risk.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes

Finite Element Modeling for the Simulation of the Quasi-Static Compression of Corrugated Tapered Tubes

Published on: January 6, 2023

Cutting Procedures, Tensile Testing, and Ageing of Flexible Unidirectional Composite Laminates

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Published on: April 27, 2019

A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue

A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue

Published on: November 11, 2022

Area of Science:

Gastrointestinal surgery
Surgical anastomosis
Biomechanical analysis

Background:

Anastomotic leak is a serious complication of gastrointestinal surgery.
Current methods lack standardization for creating mechanically sound anastomoses.
Reliable techniques are needed to prevent anastomotic leaks.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the relationship between tissue thickness, compression, staple line length, and mechanical strength of circular stapler anastomoses.
To determine factors influencing the maximum intraluminal pressure at leakage point.

Main Methods:

Utilized 27 porcine stomachs and 27 small intestine segments.
Measured tissue thickness and compression at varying anvil closure distances.
Determined maximum intraluminal pressure by controlled fluid infusion until leakage.

Main Results:

Narrower anvil closure distances increased tissue compression (p < .0001).
Tissue compression ≥6 PSI strongly correlated with maximum intraluminal pressure ≥18 mmHg (90% vs 43%, p = .02).
Tissue compression ≥12 PSI was required for pressures ≥22 mmHg in 13/15 samples (p = .04).

Conclusions:

Anastomotic mechanical strength, measured by intraluminal pressure, is strongly correlated with tissue compression.
This porcine model offers a framework for systematic anastomosis construction.
Further research is needed to define the upper limits of safe tissue compression.