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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Rat models of ADHD.

Terje Sagvolden1, Espen Borgå Johansen

  • 1Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, NO-0317, Oslo, Norway, terje.sagvolden@medisin.uio.no.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|April 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR/NCrl) is the best ADHD animal model, with Wistar Kyoto (WKY/NHsd) as its ideal control. Different WKY substrains offer distinct ADHD models, highlighting independent hyperactivity and inattention dimensions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hyperactivity alone is insufficient for validating animal models of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR/NCrl) is currently the most validated animal model for ADHD, supported by behavioral, genetic, and neurobiological evidence.
  • Appropriate control strains are crucial for accurate ADHD model research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most suitable control strain for the SHR/NCrl ADHD model.
  • To evaluate the utility of different Wistar Kyoto (WKY) substrains for ADHD research.
  • To investigate the independent dimensions of hyperactivity and inattention in ADHD models.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of behavioral, genetic, and neurobiological data across different rat strains.

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  • Validation of the SHR/NCrl as an ADHD model.
  • Assessment of WKY/NHsd and WKY/NCrl substrains as control and ADHD-I models, respectively.

    • Main Results:

    • The WKY/NHsd substrain is the most appropriate control for the SHR/NCrl ADHD model.
    • The WKY/NCrl substrain exhibits inattention and distinct neurobiology, serving as a promising model for ADHD-Inattentive subtype (ADHD-I).
    • Neurobiological differences exist among WKY substrains, making some unsuitable as controls for SHR/NCrl, potentially leading to erroneous conclusions.

    Conclusions:

    • The SHR/NCrl, with WKY/NHsd as control, represents the best current ADHD animal model.
    • WKY/NCrl offers a valuable model for ADHD-I research.
    • Model data support the existence of independent hyperactivity and inattention dimensions in ADHD behavior.