Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
08:37
Purification of the Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase from Rabbit Muscle
Published on: March 21, 2025
The plant Ca2+ -ATPase repertoire: biochemical features and physiological functions
1Dipartimento di Biologia L. Gorini, Università degli Studi di Milano, Istituto di Biofisica del CNR, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany)
|April 15, 2011
Summary
Plant cells use calcium-ATPases (ECAs and ACAs) to regulate calcium levels. Gene identification enables detailed analysis of their biochemical functions and physiological roles in plants.
Area of Science:
- Plant molecular biology
- Cellular physiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Calcium-ATPases are crucial P-type ATPases that transport Ca(2+) using ATP hydrolysis.
- Plant cells utilize two primary types: ER-type Ca(2+)-ATPases (ECAs) and auto-inhibited Ca(2+)-ATPases (ACAs).
- These ATPases are localized on various plant cell membranes and exist as different isoforms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current knowledge on the biochemical properties and physiological functions of plant Ca(2+)-ATPases.
- To highlight advancements in understanding these proteins following gene identification.
- To review methods for analyzing individual isoforms and their roles.
Main Methods:
- Heterologous expression of single isoforms in yeast for biochemical analysis.
- Gene identification enabling expression profiling.
- Phenotypic analysis of single isoform knock-out mutants.
Main Results:
- Gene identification has significantly advanced the study of plant Ca(2+)-ATPases.
- Biochemical characterization of individual isoforms is now feasible through heterologous expression.
- Expression profiling and mutant analysis provide insights into physiological roles.
Conclusions:
- Understanding plant Ca(2+)-ATPases (ECAs and ACAs) has been greatly enhanced by molecular and genetic approaches.
- These studies allow for detailed investigation into the specific functions of each isoform.
- Further research can elucidate the precise roles of these pumps in plant calcium homeostasis.
More Related Videos
08:21Real-time In Vivo Recording of Arabidopsis Calcium Signals During Insect Feeding Using a Fluorescent Biosensor
Published on: August 15, 2017
12:48Measuring Cation Transport by Na,K- and H,K-ATPase in Xenopus Oocytes by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: An Alternative to Radioisotope Assays
Published on: February 19, 2013
Related Concept Videos
01:27ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview
ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
01:34ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps
The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
01:30ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps
V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
01:48ATP Synthase: Mechanism
In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased ATP...
01:18ATP Synthase: Structure
ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
01:14Active Transport
Active transport is a critical biological process that allows cells to move solutes against an electrochemical gradient. This process requires direct energy input and is characterized by its selectivity, saturability, and susceptibility to competitive inhibition.
Primary active transporters, like Na+, K+ and -ATPase, directly utilize ATP to move ions across the membrane. These transporters play significant roles in various physiological processes. For instance, Na+, K+ and -ATPase maintain...
Primary active transporters, like Na+, K+ and -ATPase, directly utilize ATP to move ions across the membrane. These transporters play significant roles in various physiological processes. For instance, Na+, K+ and -ATPase maintain...