Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Formation of the Long-Lived Parent Anion upon Electron Attachment to Menadione.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026
Same author

Bulk-Water Behavior of Water Clusters Studied by Isotope Effects.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Extending the Observation Time of Charged Helium Droplets to the Minute Timescale.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Free electron interaction with genistein: positive and negative ion formation.

RSC advances·2025
Same author

Spectroscopy of C<sub>120</sub><sup>-</sup> and larger fulleride cluster monoanions in the mid-infrared.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

CpG Methylation Protects DNA against Ionizing Radiation.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F&#8722;
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

High resolution electron attachment to CO₂ clusters.

Stephan Denifl1, Violaine Vizcaino, Tilmann D Märk

  • 1Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Stephan.Denifl@uibk.ac.at

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|April 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electron attachment to carbon dioxide (CO₂) clusters reveals new insights into ion formation. Researchers observed both intact CO₂(-) complexes and fragment ions (CO₂)nO(-), detailing their formation mechanisms via specific electron resonances.

More Related Videos

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
10:37

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy

Published on: March 16, 2020

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE
13:28

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE

Published on: May 16, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F&#8722;
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy
10:37

Covalent Attachment of Single Molecules for AFM-based Force Spectroscopy

Published on: March 16, 2020

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE
13:28

High-resolution Single Particle Analysis from Electron Cryo-microscopy Images Using SPHIRE

Published on: May 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Electron attachment to molecules is crucial for understanding chemical reactions in various environments.
  • Previous studies on single carbon dioxide (CO₂) molecules identified key electron resonances influencing attachment.
  • Investigating electron attachment to CO₂ clusters provides insights into condensed phase dynamics and solvation effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate electron attachment to CO₂ clusters across an extended electron energy range (0-10 eV) with high energy resolution (0.1 eV).
  • To identify and characterize the species formed, including intact cluster anions and fragment ions.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms and resonant states responsible for electron attachment and subsequent fragmentation or stabilization within the clusters.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution electron attachment experiments on CO₂ clusters.
  • Extended electron energy range from 0 eV to approximately 10 eV.
  • Analysis of fragment ion yields and intact cluster anion formation.

Main Results:

  • Dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to single CO₂ molecules yields O(-) via (2)Π(u) shape resonance (4.4 eV) and a core excited resonance (8.2 eV).
  • CO₂ clusters form intact anions ((CO₂)n(-)) near threshold (0 eV) and between 1-4 eV, attributed to vibrational Feshbach resonances (VFRs) and intracluster relaxation.
  • Solvated fragment ions ((CO₂)nO(-)) are observed, originating from DEA on individual molecules within the cluster, involving both identified resonances.

Conclusions:

  • Electron attachment to CO₂ clusters leads to the formation of both non-dissociated and dissociated species.
  • The observed phenomena are linked to specific electron resonances and intracluster dynamics, including VFRs and relaxation processes.
  • This study provides a detailed understanding of electron-molecule interactions in the condensed phase of CO₂.