Using framework-based synthesis for conducting reviews of qualitative studies

Area of Science:

• Qualitative research methodology
• Evidence synthesis
• Health policy analysis

Background:

• Framework analysis, traditionally used in primary qualitative research, is increasingly adapted for synthesizing findings from multiple qualitative studies.
• This adaptation, known as framework-based synthesis, offers a structured approach to addressing complex research questions, particularly those relevant to policy.
• The method provides a systematic way to manage and interpret diverse qualitative data, enhancing the rigor of synthesized evidence.

Discussion:

• The 'best fit' framework synthesis introduces an innovative adaptation where an initial conceptual model is refined based on the evidence encountered during the review.
• This iterative process allows the framework to evolve, incorporating emergent themes and modifying existing concepts to better represent the synthesized data.
• This approach balances the need for a comprehensive synthesis with the demand for timely results, especially crucial for urgent policy-related inquiries.

Key Insights:

• The 'best fit' framework synthesis allows for the modification of an initial conceptual model to better align with the evidence from reviewed studies.
• The final synthesized framework may include revised factors from the original model and novel factors that emerge from the data.
• This method is particularly advantageous for policy questions requiring rapid synthesis without compromising analytical depth.

Outlook:

• The 'best fit' framework synthesis presents a promising methodological advancement for applied qualitative evidence synthesis.
• Its adaptability makes it suitable for generating timely and relevant insights for policymakers facing complex challenges.
• Further application and evaluation of this method in diverse policy contexts are warranted to fully explore its potential.