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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Hypodermis01:02

Hypodermis

The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Definition A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, non-healing wound that develops in individuals with diabetes. It typically occurs on pressure-bearing areas such as the heel, metatarsal heads, or hallux, and carries a high risk of infection and amputation.Pathophysiology • The development of DFUs can be explained by four interconnected mechanisms: neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing. • Neuropathy is the most common factor. Sensory neuropathy reduces pain perception,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis
11:28

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis

Published on: March 25, 2016

[Dermohypodermitis on the face revealing TIBOLA].

J Gaston1, H Durox2, A Sparsa1

  • 1Service de dermatologie et vénéréologie, CHU Dupuytren, 2, avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges cedex, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|April 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an emerging European rickettsiosis. A case highlights acute facial swelling in a child, emphasizing early antibiotic treatment for suspected TIBOLA.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an emerging rickettsiosis in Europe, transmitted by Dermacentor ticks.
  • TIBOLA presents as an inoculation eschar, fever, and cervical lymphadenopathy, particularly in colder months.
  • Children and women are identified as higher-risk demographics for developing TIBOLA.

Observation:

  • This report details a case of TIBOLA in a 9-year-old French child.
  • The child presented with acute hemifacial edema and erythema, which were indicative of TIBOLA.
  • The presentation highlights an unusual manifestation of TIBOLA in a pediatric patient.

Findings:

  • The case underscores the importance of recognizing TIBOLA beyond its typical presentation.
  • Facial edema and erythema can be key indicators of TIBOLA in children.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing TIBOLA.

Implications:

  • Early empirical antibiotic therapy is recommended for suspected TIBOLA cases before diagnostic confirmation.
  • Doxycycline and macrolides are the recommended antibiotic treatments for TIBOLA.
  • Increased awareness of TIBOLA's varied presentations is needed, especially in pediatric populations.