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Facilitating HIV disclosure across diverse settings: a review
Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer1, Parijat Baijal, Elisabetta Pegurri
1Department of HIV/AIDS, World Health Organization, 20 Ave Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. obermeyerc@who.int
American Journal of Public Health
|April 16, 2011
Summary
HIV status disclosure is complex, influenced by country, gender, and stigma. Structural changes and accessible services can aid disclosure, alongside counseling, for better HIV prevention outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Social Science
- Human Rights
Background:
- HIV status disclosure is critical for prevention, privacy, and human rights.
- Understanding disclosure dynamics is essential for effective HIV/AIDS interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the existing literature on HIV status disclosure.
- To identify factors influencing disclosure and challenges faced by individuals and health workers.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of HIV disclosure studies.
- Analysis of themes related to disclosure patterns, motivations, and barriers.
Main Results:
- Disclosure is often iterative, higher in high-income nations, and influenced by gender.
- Involuntary disclosure and low partner disclosure present challenges.
- Stigma and confidentiality concerns significantly impact disclosure.
- Disclosure processes vary across different cultural and social settings.
Conclusions:
- Facilitating HIV disclosure requires both individual support and structural changes.
- Increased service availability can significantly aid disclosure.
- Addressing stigma and ethical dilemmas is crucial for supporting disclosure.
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