Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Distinguishing Dyslexia, Attention Deficit, and Learning Disorders: Insights from AI and Eye Movements.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Can Saccade and Vergence Properties Discriminate Stroke Survivors from Individuals with Other Pathologies? A Machine Learning Approach.

Brain sciences·2025
Same author

Lasting Deficiencies in Vergence Eye Movements in Patients with Peripheral or Central Vertigo: Improvements After Four Sessions of REMOBI Neurotraining and Associated Functional Benefits.

Brain sciences·2024
Same author

Efficient diagnostic classification of diverse pathologies through contextual eye movement data analysis with a novel hybrid architecture.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Eye-Movement Deficits in Seniors with Hearing Aids: Cognitive and Multisensory Implications.

Brain sciences·2022
Same author

Publisher Correction: Loss of audiovisual facilitation with age occurs for vergence eye movements but not for saccades.

Scientific reports·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Dyslexic children are confronted with unstable binocular fixation while reading.

Stephanie Jainta1, Zoï Kapoula

  • 1IRIS laboratory CNRS-Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. jainta@ifado.de

Plos One
|April 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Dyslexic children exhibit poor eye movement control during reading, specifically in saccades and vergence. These oculomotor deficits lead to fixation instability, potentially impacting word identification and reading fluency.

More Related Videos

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
05:54

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading

Published on: October 18, 2018

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
05:54

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading

Published on: October 18, 2018

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Reading involves complex three-dimensional motor control of eye movements, including saccades and vergence.
  • Previous studies indicated binocular control deficits in dyslexics for single targets, but not during natural reading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate saccades and vergence control during actual text reading in dyslexic children.
  • To compare oculomotor performance between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children at different viewing distances.

Main Methods:

  • Measured binocular eye movements using the Chronos Eye-tracking system.
  • Analyzed saccades and vergence during text reading in 13 dyslexic and 7 non-dyslexic children.
  • Assessed performance at two viewing distances (40 cm and 100 cm).

Main Results:

  • Dyslexic children showed poorer binocular yoking of reading saccades, leading to vergence errors.
  • Fixation disparity was greater in dyslexic children, especially at near viewing distances.
  • Variability in vergence angle increased due to uncorrelated saccadic and fixation disconjugacy.

Conclusions:

  • Oculomotor imperfections, including fixation instability, may contribute to reading difficulties in dyslexic children.
  • These visual/ocular motor deficits can disrupt fusional processes and complicate letter/word identification.
  • Findings suggest visual/ocular motor factors alongside phoneme processing disorders are relevant in dyslexia.