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[Clinical features and therapeutics in Hodgkin disease of children]
Irina Efrosă1, Ingrid Miron, I Tansanu
1Centrul Medical Providenţa Iaşi Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie Gr. T. Popa Iaşi, Facultatea de Medicină.
Insights
This study examined pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma in children under five, finding mixed cellularity and stage II disease most common. Early treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy showed variable survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Hematology
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Hodgkin lymphoma is rare in children under five.
- This study analyzed a cohort of 48 pediatric patients diagnosed between 1980 and 2004.
Purpose:
- To determine the incidence and characteristics of Hodgkin lymphoma in children younger than 5 years.
- To evaluate treatment outcomes and survival rates based on histological subtype and disease stage.
Summary:
- Mixed cellularity (64.58%) and Ann Arbor stage II (56.25%) were the most frequent presentations.
- Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were primary treatment modalities, with 5-year Failure Free Survival rates varying significantly by stage and subtype.
- Observed complications included myelotoxicity, metabolic disorders, and late-onset pulmonary and cardiac issues.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the epidemiology and clinical behavior of a rare pediatric malignancy.
- Highlights the importance of early diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies for improving outcomes in young children with Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Informs future research on optimizing therapeutic approaches and managing treatment-related toxicities in this vulnerable population.
Aim:
To investigate the incidence and evolution of Hodgkin disease to children under 5 years age.
Material And Method:
The patients have been investigate to Pediatric Hemato-Oncologic Department from Clinical and Emergencies Hospital for Children "Sf. Maria" Iaşi in a period between January 1980 and December 2004. In this period 129 patients with Hogkin disease have been hospitalised, and among these 48 patients was under 5 years age (37.20%).
Results:
From our patients 41 were boys (85.41%) respectively 7 girls (14.59%). Anatomopathologic examination of samples from affected ganglions indicate: 7 patients with lymphocyte prevalence (14.58%), 6 with nodular sclerosis (12.50%), 31 with mixed cellularity (64.58%) and 4 patients with lymphoid depletion (8.34%). Ann-Arbor classification of disease indicate a high incidence of stage II (27 cases--56.25%) in the beginning period than stage I (15 cases--31.25%), III (3 cases--6.25%) and IV (3 cases--6.25%). In 9 cases (18.75%) biochemical syndrome has been observed. Radiotherapy (35 cases--72.91%) and chemotherapy (27.09%) have been used. Failure Free Survival after 5 years for patients with lymphocyte prevalence was 96% for stage I A and II A, 48% for stage III respectively 18% for stage IV. Complications observed were: precocious--medullary toxicity (3 cases), metabolic disorders (4 cases), and late--lung fibrosis with restrictive respiratory dysfunction (2 cases), cardiac dysfunctions (1 case).
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