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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...

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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library
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Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library

Published on: April 6, 2012

Genomic instability and mouse microRNAs.

Konrad Huppi1, Jason Pitt, Brady Wahlberg

  • 1Gene Silencing Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. huppi@helix.nih.gov

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identifies novel microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential oncogenes by analyzing their proximity to retroviral integration sites in mouse cancer models. These findings highlight miRNAs

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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: July 6, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Tumor progression involves genetic instability, leading to mutations in oncogenes.
  • The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) challenges the notion that only protein-encoding genes are targets of genetic instability.
  • Identifying miRNAs involved in carcinogenesis is crucial for understanding cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify candidate oncogenic miRNAs by comparing miRNA gene locations with sites of genetic instability.
  • To investigate the role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis using mouse models and retroviral integration data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the latest mouse miRome annotation (miRBase release 16.0).
  • Analyzed datasets of retroviral vector integration sites across various mouse strains and cancer models.
  • Included a novel solid tumor mouse model to broaden the scope of investigation.

Main Results:

  • Several miRNA genes and clusters, including miR-29a/b/c and miR106a~363, are located near common retroviral integration sites, suggesting they are candidate oncogenes.
  • Newly identified miRNAs such as miR-1965, miR-1900, miR-1945, miR-1931, miR-1894, and miR-1936 are also found near integration sites, indicating a potential role in cell homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Proximity to retroviral integration sites serves as a strong indicator for identifying candidate oncogenic miRNAs.
  • Specific miRNAs, including miR-29a/b/c, miR106a~363, and several newly identified ones, are implicated in cancer development and cell homeostasis.