Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...

Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Influence of Obesity on Mid-term Revision Rates and Mortality After Elective Total Hip Arthroplasty-Analysis From the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD).

Arthroplasty today·2026

Same author

[EndoCert and EPRD-two pillars of quality assurance in arthroplasty].

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026

Same author

EULAR recommendations for physical activity in people with inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis: 2025 update.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026

Same author

Femoroacetabular impingement-related deformities correlate with advanced osteoarthritis in asymptomatic caucasians over 60: A CT-based cross-sectional study.

Journal of orthopaedics·2026

Same author

HIPrevision - a multicenter prospective randomized control superiority trial of antimicrobial IP-coated revision hip prostheses versus non-IP-coated comparators for the revision of periprosthetic hip joint infections.

Trials·2026

Same author

What would you do first? A survey of treatment priorities for patients with hip-spine syndrome among spine and hip surgeons.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders·2026

Same journal

Photobiomodulation Targets Mitochondrial Homeostasis for Diabetic Wound Healing.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

Same journal

Nanotechnology-Driven Noninvasive and Targeted Therapies for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

Same journal

From Restoration to Regeneration: A Review of 3D Printing Strategies in Digital Dentistry.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

Same journal

Molecular Pathogenesis of and Regenerative Strategies for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

Same journal

Regenerative Potential of Platelet-Rich Plasma-Loaded Scaffolds in Endometrial Damage: A Meta-Analysis.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

Same journal

Enhancing Round Window Membrane Permeability for Inner Ear Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review.

Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 23, 2024

Bioreactor systems for bone tissue engineering.

Juliane Rauh¹, Falk Milan, Klaus-Peter Günther

¹Department of Orthopedics and Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.

Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews

|April 19, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue engineering offers new bone graft alternatives by using cells and scaffolds. Bioreactor systems are crucial for overcoming challenges in 3D cell culture for bone regeneration.

More Related Videos

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Published on: April 25, 2013

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 23, 2024

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

Published on: April 25, 2013

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Biotechnology

Background:

Autologous and allogenic bone grafts have limitations and risks.
Ex vivo tissue engineering (TE) strategies aim to generate de novo bone tissue.
Challenges in 3D osteoprogenitor cell cultivation include nutrient/waste transport.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current bioreactor systems for bone tissue engineering.
To discuss the concepts, advantages, and challenges of these systems.
To explore potential future applications in bone TE.

Main Methods:

Overview of dynamic 3D bioreactor concepts.
Discussion of systems mimicking native bone microenvironment.
Analysis of bioreactors based on physical stimulation (e.g., mechanical, electromagnetic).

Main Results:

Various bioreactor types exist, including spinner flasks, rotating wall vessels, and perfusion systems.
These systems aim to resolve mass transport limitations and provide physical stimulation.
Bioreactors differ in ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and osteogenic stimuli provision.

Conclusions:

Bioreactor systems are key components for successful bone TE strategies.
They address critical challenges in 3D cell cultivation for bone regeneration.
Further development holds promise for future bone defect treatments.