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p34cdc2: the S and M kinase?

J Pines¹, T Hunter

¹Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92138.

The New Biologist

|May 1, 1990

Summary

The cell cycle kinase p34cdc2 controls both DNA synthesis and mitosis. It achieves these distinct roles by partnering with different proteins, like cyclins, to target specific substrates during cell division.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

The yeast cell cycle involves DNA synthesis (S-phase) and mitosis (M-phase).
The conserved protein kinase p34cdc2 is essential for both S-phase and M-phase.
p34cdc2's dual role suggests cell cycle-dependent regulation of substrate specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evidence supporting a model where p34cdc2 performs distinct cell cycle functions.
To explore how p34cdc2 associates with regulatory proteins to achieve substrate specificity.
To identify putative substrates involved in S-phase and M-phase transitions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on yeast and multicellular eukaryote cell cycles.
Analysis of protein-protein interactions involving p34cdc2 and cyclins.
Examination of proposed substrate phosphorylation by p34cdc2 complexes.

Main Results:

p34cdc2 associates with cyclins (A and B types) to target mitotic substrates.
Cyclin binding dictates p34cdc2's substrate specificity for M-phase.
Formation of a p34cdc2 complex with other proteins in interphase suggests G1 to S transition roles.

Conclusions:

A simple model explains p34cdc2's diverse functions through cell cycle-dependent protein associations.
Cyclins are key regulators of p34cdc2 activity in mitosis.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the substrates and mechanisms governing interphase functions.

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