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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison

Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
Centrally acting muscle relaxants can be further divided into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic drugs,...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

Orthostatic tremor - a review.

Willi Gerschlager1, Peter Brown

  • 1Krankenhaus Hietzing mit Neurologischem Zentrum Rosenhügel, Neurologische Abteilung, Vienna, Austria. office@parkinsonberatung.at

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Orthostatic tremor (OT) causes unsteadiness when standing, affecting the legs with a high-frequency tremor. Diagnosis requires polygraphic recording, and while treatments exist, responses are often disappointing.

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Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
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Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
14:09

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Orthostatic tremor (OT) is a rare neurological condition causing leg unsteadiness.
  • Characterized by a high-frequency tremor (13-18Hz) primarily affecting the legs upon standing.
  • Symptoms improve with sitting or walking, leading patients to avoid prolonged standing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key features, diagnosis, and management of orthostatic tremor.
  • To explore the potential link between OT and Parkinson's disease.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies and their efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on orthostatic tremor.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including polygraphic recordings.
  • Examination of reported associations with other neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis is confirmed by polygraphic recording of a 13-18Hz leg tremor.
  • OT can occur idiopathically or be symptomatic, with reported cases in Parkinson's disease patients.
  • Subharmonics may explain tremors in other body parts.

Conclusions:

  • Orthostatic tremor is a distinct syndrome requiring specific diagnostic methods.
  • The relationship with Parkinson's disease suggests potential dopaminergic involvement.
  • Treatment options like clonazepam, gabapentin, and dopaminergic drugs offer limited, variable relief.