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Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
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Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Life Tables01:22

Life Tables

A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
Life Histories01:29

Life Histories

Constrained by limited energy and resources, organisms must compromise between offspring quantity and parental investment. This trade-off is represented by two primary reproductive strategies; K-strategists produce few offspring but provide substantial parental support, whereas r-strategists produce much progeny that receives little care. These strategies are related to an organism’s survival likelihood across its lifespan, which is represented by a survivorship curve. Three general types of...
Applications of Life Tables01:22

Applications of Life Tables

Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...

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From Visibility to Accountability: Ending Stagnation in Stillbirth Prevention.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
04:18

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Published on: October 10, 2025

Stillbirths: why they matter.

J Frederik Frøen1, Joanne Cacciatore, Elizabeth M McClure

  • 1Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. frederik.froen@fhi.no

Lancet (London, England)
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Stillbirths are a global health crisis, affecting millions of mothers and babies annually. This series highlights the urgent need to recognize stillbirths on the global health agenda and address social stigma to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Maternal Health
  • Perinatal Epidemiology

Background:

  • Stillbirths represent a significant, yet often overlooked, global health issue.
  • Maternal and neonatal health initiatives frequently exclude stillbirths, despite their profound impact on mothers and families.
  • Lack of recognition and data on stillbirths hinders effective global health policy and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the current global status of stillbirths, encompassing policy, community perceptions, and data inclusion.
  • To advocate for the inclusion of stillbirths in global health agendas and initiatives.
  • To highlight the social and cultural factors impacting mothers experiencing stillbirth.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global health policy and data inclusion for stillbirths.
  • Survey of community perceptions regarding stillbirths across 135 countries.
  • Review of cultural beliefs and social stigma associated with stillbirth.

Main Results:

  • Stillbirths are largely uncounted and excluded from major global health metrics like the Global Burden of Disease and UN Millennium Development Goals.
  • Mothers experiencing stillbirth often face social stigma, blame, and marginalization, with limited recognition or ritualistic practices for the deceased infant.
  • Beliefs attributing stillbirth to maternal sin or supernatural causes are prevalent, contributing to the marginalization of affected mothers.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for a strong global call to action to prioritize stillbirth prevention and care.
  • Integrating stillbirth prevention with maternal and neonatal death prevention strategies is essential.
  • Addressing the knowledge gap regarding causes and feasible solutions for stillbirth prevention is a key priority for health professionals.