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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis
12:34

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis

Published on: October 21, 2011

Exposing the DNA methylome iceberg.

Matladi N Ndlovu1, Hélène Denis, François Fuks

  • 1Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|April 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

DNA methylation, an epigenetic mark, is now mapped across genomes, revealing conserved gene body patterns and new roles in gene activation and silencing. Understanding these complex functions is key to epigenetics research.

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DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis
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Published on: October 31, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • DNA methylation is the first discovered epigenetic modification.
  • Previous understanding of DNA methylation distribution was limited.
  • Technological advancements enable comprehensive genome-wide methylation mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on DNA methylation.
  • To highlight new insights into DNA methylation patterns and functions.
  • To discuss how new data challenges existing paradigms in epigenetics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of emerging DNA methylation maps.
  • Review of studies on genomic distribution of methylated cytosines.
  • Integration of data on gene body methylation and novel modified bases.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of extensive and conserved gene body methylation in eukaryotes.
  • Identification of DNA methylation in previously unrecognized sequence contexts.
  • Characterization of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine as another modified DNA base.
  • Evidence for DNA methylation's role in both gene silencing and activation.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging data on the DNA methylome reveal complex patterns and functions.
  • DNA methylation plays conserved roles across eukaryotic gene bodies.
  • The dual role of DNA methylation in gene regulation requires further investigation.
  • Recent discoveries are reshaping the understanding of DNA methylation's biological significance.