Veterinary opinions on refusing euthanasia: justifications and philosophical frameworks

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Ethics
• Animal Welfare
• Clinical Decision-Making

Background:

• Euthanasia decisions are a significant ethical challenge for veterinary surgeons.
• Understanding the factors influencing these decisions is crucial for ethical practice and training.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the frequency and reasons behind veterinary surgeons refusing or wanting to refuse euthanasia.
• To develop an evidence-based ethical framework for euthanasia decision-making in veterinary practice.

Main Methods:

• A survey was distributed to 58 practicing veterinary surgeons.
• Respondents estimated refusal rates and provided free-text reasons for their decisions.
• Responses were analyzed in the context of established ethical concepts.

Main Results:

• Common reasons for refusing euthanasia included patient interests (treatment, rehoming) and avoiding negative outcomes.
• Owner interests and external pressures from clients or colleagues also influenced decisions.
• Some surgeons felt pressured into performing euthanasia against their better judgment.

Conclusions:

• Veterinary euthanasia decisions are influenced by a complex interplay of patient welfare, owner considerations, and professional pressures.
• The findings support the development of an ethical framework to guide veterinary surgeons in complex euthanasia scenarios.
• This framework can be valuable for ethical discussions and educational purposes in veterinary medicine.